miércoles, 25 de enero de 2017

Bad drones: the race to develop effective counter-drone security is on - Wired.co.uk


Wired.co.uk

Bad drones: the race to develop effective counter-drone security is on
Wired.co.uk
US think tank the MITRE Corporation has launched Counter-Unmanned Aircraft System (C-UAS), a competition for drone defence, seeking inexpensive "non-kinetic" solutions, that don't involve shooting them down. Its thinking is that the risk of knocking a ...

y más »



http://www.wired.co.uk/article/security-counter-drones-criminals-terrorists

A321neo Delays Affect Hawaiian’s 2017 Plans

Indian Navy To Buy 57 Carrier-Based Fighters

These 5 finalists will race to the moon in Google's Lunar XPrize competition

One of these spacecraft could become the first private spacecraft to land on the moon The race to the moon is heating up. Soon the Google Lunar XPrize will hand out $30 million in prizes to privately-funded teams who can send a robot to the moon, move 500 meters across its surface, and send pictu...

http://flip.it/EPwPqi

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Sukhoi SSJ100 : réparation des fissures bientôt terminée - aeronewstv

Iberia y RENFE amplían su acuerdo de avión + tren a otras nueve ciudades

  • Los clientes con origen/destino Toledo, Segovia, León, Zamora, Cuenca, Palencia, Albacete, Ciudad Real y Puertollano dispondrán a lo largo de 2017 de un billete combinado para los trayectos en tren y avión.
  • En 2016, cerca de 15.000 clientes utilizaron estos billetes, que están a la venta en las webs de Iberia y RENFE y las agencias de viajes de todo el mundo.
  • Los clientes que adquieran estos billetes de tren+avión se beneficiarán de todas las ventajas de quienes viajan en conexión.
  • En total, Iberia y RENFE ofrecen ya 14 ciudades en España que se pueden combinar con otros más de 80 destinos internacionales de la aerolínea en Europa, América, África y Asia.



Los presidentes de Iberia, Luis Gallego, y de RENFE, Juan Alfaro, han anunciado en FITUR que este año ampliarán la red de ciudades en las que ambas empresas ofrecen sus billetes combinados de tren+avión.

En concreto, a lo largo de este año esta facilidad se extenderá a Toledo, Segovia, León, Zamora, Cuenca, Palencia, Albacete, Ciudad Real y Puertollano, que se suman a Zaragoza, Valladolid, Córdoba, Sevilla y Málaga donde ya se ofrecen billetes combinados desde el último trimestre de 2015.

En concreto, el año pasado cerca de 15.000 clientes utilizaron esta modalidad de billete, que está a la venta en las webs de Iberia y RENFE y las agencias de viajes de todo el mundo.

Las principales ventajas de estos billetes combinados de tren+avión es que todos los trayectos del viaje se incluyen en un mismo documento, lo que para el cliente se traduce en que, a todos los efectos, es considerado como pasajeros que viajan en conexión –él y su equipaje-, lo que asegura la mejor atención en todos los puntos de su viaje.

En total, en 2017 Iberia y RENFE ofrecerán sus billetes combinados de tren+avión en 14 ciudades españolas, lo que permite una mejor conexión de estas poblaciones con los más de 80 destinos internacionales de Iberia en Europa, América, África y Asia –Tokio y Shanghái-.

Strategy Change May See Super Hornet Compete with F-35 | Russia’s Buk-M3 Being Prepped for Export | India’s K-4 SLBM Testing Slated for January 31 [feedly]

Strategy Change May See Super Hornet Compete with F-35 | Russia's Buk-M3 Being Prepped for Export | India's K-4 SLBM Testing Slated for January 31
http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/strategy-change-may-see-super-hornet-compete-with-f-35-russias-buk-m3-being-prepped-for-export-indias-k-4-slbm-testing-slated-for-january-31-035718/

 -- via my feedly newsfeed

USAF's B-52H Stratofortress tests AGM-86B air-launched cruise missile [feedly]

USAF's B-52H Stratofortress tests AGM-86B air-launched cruise missile
http://www.airforce-technology.com/news/newsusafs-b-52h-stratofortress-tests-agm-86b-air-launched-cruise-missile-5723065

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NASA puts the shakes on Orion astronauts

NASA engineers are getting a bit of a buffeting this month as they conduct manned vibration tests on various Orion capsule systems. The tests being conducted at the Johnson Space Center in Houston are designed to simulate launch conditions that astronauts will endure the first time they fly in the Orion atop NASA's Space Launch System rocket (SLS).

.. Continue Reading NASA puts the shakes on Orion astronauts
http://newatlas.com/nasa-orion-vibration-tests/47553/


U.S. airline unions picket Trump to take up their fight against low-cost foreign competition

Boeing’s Second ABS All-Electric Propulsion Satellite Enters Service

Near Space Corporation drone glider drop aids FAA research - sUAS News


sUAS News

Near Space Corporation drone glider drop aids FAA research
sUAS News
Near Space Corporation, NSC, in Tillamook, Oregon, conducted the flight test on Oct. 3 under the first FAA Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) test site for UAS high-altitude Certificate of Authorization, COA. With that flight, NSC became the first ..


https://www.suasnews.com/2017/01/near-space-corporation-drone-glider-drop-aids-faa-research/

Repairs underway on Sukhoi Superjet 100 - aeronewstv


aeronewstv

Repairs underway on Sukhoi Superjet 100
aeronewstv
Russia's Sukhoi Superjet 100 will be back in service at the end of January, after a month of inspections and repairs. In late December, minor cracks in the stabilizer nodes were detected during a maintenance operation on one of the aircraft, belonging ...


http://www.aeronewstv.com/en/industry/commercial-aviation/3723-repairs-underway-on-sukhoi-superjet-100.html

Boeing's commercial unit cut jobs by 7.38% in 2016

Two supersonic prototypes move towards first flights in 2017

Embraer banking on Trump to clear way for Iran regional jet sale - Gulf Times

Lockheed warns on accounting at Sikorsky unit - Financial Times


Financial Times

Lockheed warns on accounting at Sikorsky unit
Financial Times
In reference to accounting at Sikorsky, chief financial officer Bruce Tanner said there was a reasonable possibility that a "material misstatement could have occurred and would not have been prevented or detected on a timely basis". However, he noted ...
Sikorsky finance, IT controls found deficientCT Post
Lockheed tops estimates in fourth quarter, warns of Sikorsky problemsReuters
Lockheed Falls on Warning of Accounting Weakness at SikorskyBloomberg
CNBC -Philly.com (blog)
los 87 artículos informativos 


https://www.ft.com/content/1b693b30-e254-11e6-8405-9e5580d6e5fb

Drone watch: integrating UAV movements into air traffic control - Airport Technology



Drone watch: integrating UAV movements into air traffic control
Airport Technology
Drone watch: integrating UAV movements into air traffic control. The issues that rogue drones cause for air traffic control are well documented. But, can current systems be rewired to track drone movements and prevent disaster? Airborne Concept and ...

http://www.airport-technology.com/features/featuredrone-watch-integrating-uav-movements-into-air-traffic-control-5719159/

New Certification Demands Force MRJ Program Delay

For the MRJ, “certain systems and electrical configurations” need to be changed, they said. “These design changes will not affect aircraft performance, fuel consumption, or functionality of systems.” Flight testing will proceed with prototypes using the current configuration to acquire performance data for airworthiness certification. Four of five planned MRJ prototypes are flying.





The two-year delay in the Mitsubishi Regional Jet (MRJ) announced Monday is clearly a big setback for Japan’s commercial jet program, but it means more jobs in Washington state, where the jet is undergoing flight tests.

Mitsubishi has already increased total hiring in the state, from the previously planned 400 people, to 550 — including 300 sent from Japan and 250 hired locally.
http://www.seattletimes.com/business/boeing-aerospace/delay-in-mitsubishi-regional-jet-means-more-work-in-washington-state/

martes, 24 de enero de 2017

This is what it would look like to land on Pluto

Based on NASA's best photos, anyway After a 10-year journey, NASA's New Horizons spacecraft sped past Pluto for just a few short hours in July 2015. It was going far too fast to enter an orbit around the dwarf planet—let alone land on it—but along the way it grabbed some pretty amazing photos of ...

http://flip.it/6r_v1N



To get a man on the moon, China's program takes cues from the Apollo lunar lander

The country is looking to launch in 2032. Though China's goal of landing a man on the moon is still more than a decade away, the country is already testing key equipment for the 2032 mission. Most recently, the program has been testing the landing gear for the lunar module. The lunar module is th...

http://flip.it/Q-vgFn




A private Chinese space company just scored a foreign contract for the first time

The agreement was signed with a Danish nanosatellite maker. A Chinese space launch company, Landspace, has won the first Chinese private space launch contract from a foreign company. Founded by Tsinghua University, a prestigious Chinese university, Landspace is one of China's first private space ...

http://flip.it/1ecydh


[video] Exploring Drone Aerodynamics With Computers



Youtube video Description:
For decades, NASA has used computer models to simulate the flow of air around aircraft in order to test designs and improve the performance of next-generation vehicles.

At NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley, researchers recently used this technique to explore the aerodynamics of a popular example of a small, battery-powered drone, a modified DJI Phantom 3 quadcopter.

This simulation reveals the complex motions of air due to interactions between the vehicle’s rotors and X-shaped frame during flight. In the video, airflow interactions are shown as undulating lines. Pressure changes are shown using color. Areas of high pressure are red; low are blue.
Learn more: http://go.nasa.gov/2jkklik
Video credit: NASA Ames Research Center/NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division/Tim Sandstrom
NASA Ames Research Center is located in the heart of California's Silicon Valley. Follow us on social media to hear about the latest developments in space, science and technology.
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https://www.facebook.com/nasaames/
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https://twitter.com/NASAAmes
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https://www.instagram.com/nasaames/

lunes, 23 de enero de 2017

Stop Disrespecting the Turboprop [feedly]



----
Stop Disrespecting the Turboprop
// War Is Boring - Medium



Planes with these engines are perfectly fine for modern air forces

Continue reading on War Is Boring »
https://warisboring.com/stop-disrespecting-the-turboprop-c00acd3fff3a

----

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Drone Tests New Tech to Help FAA Track Commercial Spacecraft - Space.com


Space.com

Drone Tests New Tech to Help FAA Track Commercial Spacecraft
Space.com
This flight test made NSC the first commercial suborbital space company to fly under the FAA's new Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) rules that went into effect in August. Regulations now require drone pilots to have a special Certificate of Authorization ...



http://www.space.com/35383-drone-tests-faa-commercial-spaceflight-tech.html

Denmark Set to Receive the First Permanent BVLOS License - Commercial UAV News


Commercial UAV News

Denmark Set to Receive the First Permanent BVLOS License
Commercial UAV News
The two universities, University of Southern Denmark and the University of Aalborg, have carried out safety evaluations of the UAV flights during the project, and the results are equal, or even better, than the safety levels from commercial air traffic ...


http://www.expouav.com/news/latest/denmark-set-receive-first-permanent-bvlos-license/

Interesting 2017 predictions for regional jet market from Embraer Commercial Aviation CEO


1. Book-to-Bill Ratio
2. Robust Demand in the USA
3. Capacity Discipline in Europe & Asia
4. China’s New Regional Policy
5. Demand for Used Aircraft




TECNAM’S 11 SEAT P2012 TRAVELLER TO MAKE PUBLIC DEBUT AT AERO ’17, FRIEDRICHSHAFEN

PR

The twin Lycoming-engined 11-seat P2012 Traveller prototype will take centre stage on Tecnam’s stand at the Global Aviation show’s 25th anniversary in April this year. The aircraft will interrupt an intensive test flight programme to be present for all three days between April 5th and April 8th.

Tecnam will also be highlighting its broad model range which covers Advanced Ultra-Light, US-LSA, CS-VLA and CS-23 FAR 23 aircraft.

In addition to the P2012 Traveller, Tecnam will be presenting the latest version of the highly successful P2002 Sierra, the MKII,featuring a complete range of re-designed interiors and state of the art avionics.

Over 60 Tecnam Dealers from all over the world will be on hand to support the needs of the many visitors and customers who will be attending AERO ’17.

The TravellerThe Tecnam P2012 prototype is currently engaged in a challenging test flight programme and a number of key tests have already been successfully completed. The aircraft is equipped with latest avionics from Garmin, the new G1000 Nxi and is powered by two 375 HP Lycoming piston engines. TECNAM is very happy with the progress to date and the programme is now well on its way to completing flight certification, scheduled for around the end of 2018.

LEONARDO: AGREEMENT WITH THE ITALIAN MINISTRY OF DEFENCE FOR THE NEW M-345 TRAINER AIRCRAFT AND FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW EXPLORATION AND ESCORT HELICOPTER


  • Moretti: “The signing of these contracts is the result of constructive discussions between the Italian Government and the industry”
  • The new aircraft will work alongside the M-346s already used by the Italian Air Force for the advanced phase of pilot training, forming the world’s most advanced training system for military pilots
  • The new exploration and escort helicopter will replace the AW129 used by the Italian Army which is nearing 30 years in operation





Leonardo has signed, with the Italian National Armaments Directorate of the Italian Defence Ministry, two contracts for an initial batch of five Aermacchi M-345 trainer aircraft and for the first phase of development and delivery programme of the new exploration and escort helicopter (NEES) for the Italian Army. The combined value of the contracts is in excess of 500 million euro.



Mauro Moretti, Chief Executive Officer and General Manager of Leonardo, said: “The signing of these two contracts is the result of constructive discussions between the Italian Government and industry, which helped identify the requirements and the best technological answers. Thanks to this joint understanding, we’ll be able to deliver advanced solutions to our national customer by optimizing available financial resources and developing new technologies, skills and industrial processes in our country.”



The Italian Air Force has a total requirement for around 45 M-345s (designated as T-345 by the Italian Armed Forces) to progressively replace the 137 in-service MB-339 aircraft which entered into operation in 1982. The new aircraft will work alongside the fleet of 18 twin-engine Aermacchi M-346s already ordered and currently used by the Italian Air Force for the advanced phase of pilot training. Together, the two aircraft types will form the world’s most advanced training system for military pilots. The M-345, thanks to its high performance and advanced ground-based training systems, will provide the Italian Air Force with a significant boost in the effectiveness of training, improved efficiency and a reduction in operational costs. The first delivery is expected by 2019.



The multiyear contract for the new exploration and escort helicopter (NEES) of the Italian Army envisages the study, development, industrialization, production and testing of a prototype and three initial production aircraft. Through this new programme, based on a total requirement for 48 units, the Italian Army will be able to replace the current fleet of AW129 which are expected to be retired from service by 2025 following over 35 years in operations. The NEES programme will benefit from the long operational expertise gained by the Italian Army thanks to the AW129 and from the know-how of Leonardo in this specific helicopter sector. It will allow the service to introduce an even more technologically advanced product, with greater performance and lower operating costs, to meet arising needs in evolving scenarios for the next 30 years.




Press_Release_LDO_130117_ENG (Download: pdf, Size: 90.6 KB)

LEONARDO AWARDED £271 MILLION AW159 WILDCAT INTEGRATED SUPPORT & TRAINING (WIST) CONTRACT BY UK MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

The WIST contract will support the 62 AW159 Wildcats now in-service with the British Army and Royal Navy for the next five years as part of an ongoing contract

  • The contract recognises Leonardo Helicopters unique capabilities in the UK and supports the objectives of the Strategic Partnering Arrangement signed by Leonardo and the UK Ministry of Defence
  • Leonardo Helicopters delivered the 62nd and final AW159 Wildcat to the UK Ministry of Defence last month



Leonardo has been awarded a £271 million (approximately €320 million) contract by the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) to deliver support and training services for their fleet of 62 AW159 Wildcat helicopters operated by the British Army and Royal Navy. The five year contract was announced by Harriett Baldwin MP, Minister for Defence Procurement, during a visit today to Leonardo’s Yeovil facility in South West England. The contract will commence 1st April 2017 and confirms the price the MOD will pay for Wildcat training and support for the next five years of the 30 year WIST contract awarded in 2012.



The WIST contract includes a spares provisioning service, enhanced technical support services including aircraft safety management, as well as delivering synthetic and ground based training for both aircrew and maintainers.



The contract directly sustains over 500 skilled industry jobs, mainly in the South West of England at Royal Naval Air Station Yeovilton, where the Wildcat Training Centre and zonal maintenance facilities are located, and at Leonardo’s Yeovil factory. Leonardo’s contribution also involves its Airborne & Space Systems division for the radar and defensive aids systems, located in Edinburgh and Luton. Other key subcontractors supporting the WIST programme include Thales UK for communication and aircraft management systems, located in Crawley and Morson who provide aircraft maintenance and support staff, mainly at RNAS Yeovilton.



The WIST contract is output-based, whereby Leonardo is incentivised to improve the levels of operational output whilst seeking continuous improvement to reduce through life costs. The contract is similar to the Integrated Operational Support (IOS) availability based contracts that Leonardo Helicopters is successfully delivering for the UK MoD’s AW101 Merlin, Sea King and Apache AH Mk.1 helicopter fleets.



On 14th December 2016 Leonardo handed over the 62nd and final AW159 Wildcat to the UK MoD before it made the short delivery flight to RNAS Yeovilton, the main operating base for British Army and Royal Navy AW159 Wildcats.



Leonardo signed a new 10-year Strategic Partnering Arrangement (SPA) with the UK Ministry of Defence in July 2016, which focusses on delivering ever increasing value to the UK taxpayer on current contracts, including WIST, the continued growth of exports and the identification and subsequent investment in the development of new technologies and capabilities. The joint intent of the SPA is to exploit the identified technologies onto both existing in-service platforms as well as future manned and unmanned platforms.




ComLDO_WIST_contract_09_01_2017_ENG (Download: pdf, Size: 277.5 KB)




Airlink becomes first South African airline to acquire Embraer E-Jets



Amsterdam, The Netherlands, January 19, 2017 – Airlink, Southern Africa’s largest independent regional airline, is joining the E-Jet operator’s family. The airline is acquiring five E-Jets - three E170s and two E190s, from ECC Leasing, a wholly-owned Embraer subsidiary. Airlink will start to receive the aircraft in the first half of 2017.


Airlink already operates a large fleet of ERJ aircraft – last December, the airline started to add 11 further ERJ 140 jets to its fleet. By the end of the fourth quarter of 2017, the airline will be operating 30 ERJs, comprising all three types - ERJ 135, ERJ 140 and the ERJ 145.


Rodger Foster, CEO of Airlink, said, “This is the beginning of the implementation of a well planned growth and modernization strategy for Airlink that includes replacing our current fleet of Avro RJ85s over the next three years. The strategy calls for a total of 13 E-Jets, and we are in the process of sourcing the balance of the fleet requirement – an additional 8 E190s – from the market. The unique performance characteristics of the E-Jet family will enable Airlink to operate within the challenging environment of the region, including short field and “hot and high” operations, while managing capacity and providing for growth.”


Foster continued, “the E190’s ETOPS (Extended Twin Engine Operations) capability and range presents Airlink with new market opportunities to address isolated destinations that were previously beyond our reach and in some instances that have never enjoyed the privilege of reliable scheduled air services. Embraer has proven to be an excellent partner for Airlink on our ERJ fleet, and we look forward to the continuation of superb customer support as we enter a new chapter of growth with the E-Jets.”


“Welcoming another operator to the E-Jet Family is always a great endorsement of our aircraft and the Embraer experience”, said Simon Newitt, Vice President, Africa, Latin America & Portugal, Embraer Commercial Aviation. “We are very proud that Airlink will now become the first South African operator of the type.”


Embraer aircraft have been operating in Africa since 1978, when the first Bandeirante turboprop arrived on the continent. Currently, there are 127 Embraer aircraft in operation with 39 airlines in 19 African countries, performing a vital role in connectivity.


Embraer is the world’s leading manufacturer of commercial jets with up to 130+ seats. The Company has 100 customers from all over the world operating the ERJ and the E-Jet families of aircraft. For the E-Jets program alone, Embraer has logged more than 1,700 orders and over 1,300 deliveries, redefining the traditional concept of regional aircraft by operating across a range of business applications.


Follow us on Twitter: @Embraer


About Airlink

Airlink is the largest independent regional airline in southern Africa, linking more passengers to the smaller towns, cities and regional centers than any other local airline. Airlink connects 36 destinations in 9 African countries.


The airline currently carries more than 1.4m passengers on 44,800 flights annually. Airlink has shown growth in every single year of its existence. Our passenger profile represents approximately 30% leisure and 70% business.


Airlink’s business destinations include: several State Capital Cities such as Antananarivo, Lusaka, Harare; multiple provincial Capital cities such as Pietermaritzburg, Polokwane, Bloemfontein, Kimberley and Nelspruit; Industrial towns such as Upington, Phalaborwa, Ndola, Tete, Sishen, Nampula, Beira, Pemba and Bulawayo. Additionally, airlink offers some exotic tourist destinations such as Cape Town, Mthatha, George, Windhoek, Okavango Delta (Maun), Chobe River (Kasane), Livingston, Skukuza, Vilanculos, and Nosy Be.


Airlink’s main hub is Johannesburg where our schedule is aimed at addressing the complexities of market demand and is specifically designed to satisfy point to point travel requirements whilst also optimizing interline connectivity, particularly with the arrivals and departures of our franchise partner of twenty years, South African Airways, and all other IATA member airlines.

737 MAX makes a splash

Boeing Test & Evaluation teams took the 737 MAX for a little dip to see how it would stand up to extreme conditions. Watch the video to see how they incorporated a new teammate, an unmanned aerial system, into this high-stakes water spray test.

Boeing Test & Evaluation teams employ an Unmanned Aerial System during water spray testing for innovation and efficiency.




https://youtu.be/hEx7Glp8Kk0

My awful 48 hours as an astronaut

Volunteers are trying to live like astronauts on Earth in preparation for manned missions to Mars, but face isolation, confinement and terrible food. After almost a year without fresh air in the cramped, near-weightless environment of the International Space Station (ISS), American astronaut Scot...

http://flip.it/BkAdMj


MRJ regional jet delayed until mid 2020

Leejam Newshttps://leehamnews.com/2017/01/23/mrj-regional-jet-delayed-mid-2020/


Mitsubishi Press releaseMitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) announced today that MHI and Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation will adjust the first delivery of the Mitsubishi Regional Jet (MRJ) from mid-2018 to mid-2020. The change is due to revisions of certain systems and electrical configurations on the aircraft to meet the latest requirements for certification.

MHI recently established the MRJ Business Promotion Committee, chaired by Shunichi Miyanaga, President & Chief Executive Officer of MHI, to oversee the continued development and long-term business performance of the MRJ, effective on November 28, 2016.

Since the historic MRJ first flight in November 2015, we have made significant progress in both engineering and test, and now three aircraft are in flight test in the United States.

Going forward, under the MRJ Business Promotion Committee’s oversight, we will continue to make prompt decisions and remain firmly committed to the development of the MRJ to offer our customers an aircraft with world-class performance and compatibility with latest industry certifications. Advancing the MRJ project

Airbus to supply French satellite communication systems [feedly]

Airbus to supply French satellite communication systems
http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Airbus_to_supply_French_satellite_communication_systems_999.html

 -- via my feedly newsfeed

Mitsubishi delays MRJ deliveries by two years [feedly]

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries has confirmed a two-year delay to the MRJ regional jet programme, the fifth time its schedule has been pushed back since launching in 2008.
http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/mitsubishi-delays-mrj-deliveries-by-two-years-433402/

 -- via my feedly newsfeed

The Not-So-Secret Way to Kill a Stealth Fighter [feedly]

Combine phased array radars with big missiles


https://warisboring.com/the-not-so-secret-way-to-kill-a-stealth-fighter-8ce512205e78

 -- via my feedly newsfeed

F-35 Costs Expected to Drop | Boeing-IAI Deliver First Arrow-3 to IAF | Turkey & Russia Conduct First Joint Air-Strike | Airbus Wins $2B A400M Buy from Indonesia [feedly]

F-35 Costs Expected to Drop | Boeing-IAI Deliver First Arrow-3 to IAF | Turkey & Russia Conduct First Joint Air-Strike | Airbus Wins $2B A400M Buy from Indonesia

NASA Tracks Air Flow Generated By Drones [feedly]

Supercomputers Generate Images Showing How Air Interacts With Rotors, Fuselage For decades, NASA has used computer models to simulate the flow of air around aircraft in order to test designs and improve the performance of next-generation vehicles.
http://www.aero-news.net/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=fe8d1189-9d88-49d0-a341-5d1b49f5ec70


Royal Navy gets new eyes in the skies [feedly]

When the Royal Navy's Queen Elizabeth class carriers go into service in 2020, they'll be watched over by a new generation of eyes in the sky. In an announcement by the Minister for Defence Procurement, Harriett Baldwin MP, Lockheed Martin UK was awarded a £269 million (US $331 million) contract to develop and manufacture the Crowsnest Airborne Surveillance System to alert the carrier groups against incoming missile and other airborne threats.

.. Continue Reading Royal Navy gets new eyes in the skies
http://newatlas.com/royal-navy-carriers-crowsnest/47475/


Iberia e Iberia Express reciben en FITUR el premio a las más puntuales del mundo en 2016

Nota de prensa

Iberia e Iberia Express reciben en FITUR el premio a las más puntuales del mundo en 2016

  • Se lo ha entregado Flightstats, consultora líder en información de vuelos, servicios y aplicaciones de la industria de los viajes.
  • El acto se ha convertido en un "homenaje" a los empleados de las dos aerolíneas, verdaderos artífices del gran logro en puntualidad que Iberia e Iberia Express han alcanzado.
  • Hoy la aerolínea ha celebrado también en FITUR su 90 cumpleaños, en un stand que recorre los grandes hitos de su historia.
 

Madrid, 19 de enero de 2017

 

Los presidentes de Iberia e Iberia Express han recibido hoy en FITUR el premio a las aerolíneas más puntuales del mundo de su categoría, según Flightstats, la consultora líder en información de vuelos, servicios y aplicaciones de la industria de los viajes. Representantes de FlightStats han volado expresamente desde EEUU a Madrid para entregar estos premios que suman ya su octava edición.

 

El acto se ha convertido en un homenaje a todos los colectivos de Iberia e Iberia Express –pilotos, TCP, personal de aeropuertos-, verdaderos artífices de este gran logro, que  han estado representados por una delegación de empleados que han recibido los premios y a quienes ha cedido la palabra Luis Gallego, presidente del Grupo Iberia.

 

En 2016 Iberia no solo ha sido la aerolínea internacional más puntual del mundo (Major Global Airline), también  la aerolínea más puntual de Europa (European Major Airline) y la más puntual de Europa también como aerolínea de red contabilizando sus datos junto a los de su franquiciada Iberia Regional Air Nostrum (European Major Airline Network).

 

En los últimos cuatro años, Iberia ha ido mejorando su situación en el ranking de puntualidad hasta situarse en lo más alto. Fue la cuarta más puntual del mundo en 2013, tercera en 2014, segunda en 2015 y la primera en 2016.

 

En el caso de Iberia Express, la compañía sido reconocida como la aerolínea de bajo coste más puntual del mundo, por tercer año consecutivo, lo  que supone un importante reconocimiento a nivel internacional al esfuerzo, compromiso y dedicación de una aerolínea que en tan sólo 4 años y medio de vida ha conseguido importantes logros. Miembros del comité de dirección, así como responsables del área de operaciones vuelo, tierra y tripulaciones han estado presentes en la entrega de premios celebrada hoy.

 

90 cumpleaños

 

Además, Iberia ha celebrado hoy en FITUR su 90 cumpleaños en un stand en el que pueden seguirse los hitos más importantes de su historia, y donde los visitantes encontrarán la cabina de un Rohrbach Roland, primer avión de Iberia, y podrán vestir con ropa de los años 20.

 

Sobre Iberia: Iberia es la primera compañía de España y líder en las rutas entre Europa y Latinoamérica. Junto con su filial Iberia Express y su franquiciada Iberia Regional Air Nostrum, ofrece alrededor de 600 vuelos al día a  medio centenar de países de Europa, América, África, Oriente Medio y Asia,  con una flota de 135 aviones. En 2016, Iberia e Iberia Express han sido las más puntuales del mundo en sus categorías, según FlightStats. Es miembro de la alianza oneworld, que ofrece más de 14.000 vuelos diarios a cerca de 1.000 aeropuertos en más de 150 países.

 

 

sábado, 21 de enero de 2017

NTU Developing Traffic Management System for Safe UAS Flight in Singapore - Inside Unmanned Systems


Inside Unmanned Systems

NTU Developing Traffic Management System for Safe UAS Flight in Singapore
Inside Unmanned Systems
As unmanned aerial systems become a more common sight in the Singapore skies, researchers at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) are looking for ways to make sure those drones can safely share the airspace at the same time ...


http://insideunmannedsystems.com/ntu-developing-traffic-management-system-safe-uas-flight-singapore/

OPINION: Two heads are better than one for take-off checks

Airbus offers C295 tanker fit after H225M test success

Tecnam To Show P2012 Prototype At Aero ’17

viernes, 20 de enero de 2017

Spain’s GMV takes a stake in PLD Space’s reusable rocket quest



Spanish rocket startup PLD Space said Jan. 9 that it has raised the money it needs to continue development of its Arion 1 reusable suborbital launch vehicle thanks to a $7.1 million investment round lead by satellite ground systems provider GMV of Madrid, Spain.

Arion 1 is a kerosene-fueled, single-stage rocket designed to use a combination of parachute and propulsion to land after lofting its 200-kilogram payload into a 250-kilometer suborbital trajectory.





- See more at: http://spacenews.com/spains-gmv-takes-a-stake-in-pld-spaces-reusable-rocket-quest/?utm_content=bufferf35b7&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer#sthash.skgeQ9jN.dpuf

DJI Mavic Pro drone user arrested after flying near Chinese plane

Meet China's Sharp Sword, a stealth drone that can likely carry 2 tons of bombs

It just won a technology prize, so China's pretty proud of it. The Sharp Sword UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle), China's stealthy attack drone, just won second place in the National Science and Technology Advancement Prizes. Considering the secrecy surrounding stealth drones to come out of China—the...

http://flip.it/cIqCVq

Enviado a través de Flipboard, tu revista personal.
Consíguela gratis para mantenerte al día con las noticias que te interesan.

Watch the Army's hoverbike prototype fly

From sci-fi scout to robot pack mule The army has yet to deploy a hoverbike, but it isn't for a lack of trying. The devices, probably best popularized in Star Wars chase scenes, offer a science fictional promise: fast travel for human riders close to the ground, going in the narrow places helicop...

http://flip.it/71PfJC

Enviado a través de Flipboard, tu revista personal.
Consíguela gratis para mantenerte al día con las noticias que te interesan.

jueves, 19 de enero de 2017

Need Your Own Private Air Force in a Hurry? Here’s One For Sale. [feedly]


Need Your Own Private Air Force in a Hurry? Here's One For Sale.
// The Aviationist

Listing Offers Twenty Complete Combat Aircraft For Sale, With Parts! For "only" 200K USD. Ever wanted to command your own private air force? Here's your chance, and the price seems reasonable. Raptor Aviation of Port St. Lucie, Florida in the U.S has listed the sale of 20 jet trainer/light strike aircraft, an entire squadron, with […] https://theaviationist.com/2017/01/17/need-your-own-private-air-force-in-a-hurry-heres-one-for-sale/


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U.S. B-2 Spirit Stealth Bombers from Whiteman AFB conduct precision airstrike in Libya. Drones perform scene “cleanup” [feedly]


U.S. B-2 Spirit Stealth Bombers from Whiteman AFB conduct precision airstrike in Libya. Drones perform scene "cleanup"
// The Aviationist

Two B-2 stealth bombers performed a round-trip mission from CONUS (Continental US) to perform airstrikes on Daesh training camps in Libya. Drones "cleaned-up" the operation firing Hellfires at fighters trying to run to safety. Two B-2 Spirit stealth bombers from the 509th Bomb Wing at Whiteman Air Force Base carried out a precision air strike […] https://theaviationist.com/2017/01/19/u-s-b-2-spirit-stealth-bombers-from-whiteman-afb-conduct-precision-airstrike-in-libya-drones-perform-scene-cleanup/


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Shared via my feedly newsfeed

Boeing promises Trump simpler requirements for Air Force One

Rolls-Royce studies two new stall fixes for V-22 engines

FAA orders emergency inspections of Sikorsky helicopters - The Advocate

http://www.stamfordadvocate.com/business/article/FAA-orders-emergency-inspections-of-Sikorsky-10861948.php


The Advocate

FAA orders emergency inspections of Sikorsky helicopters
The Advocate
The Federal Aviation Administration ordered emergency inspections of Sikorsky S-92 helicopters after every 10 hours of run time, following three incidents in which pilots lost control of their tail rotors in flight, including in late December 2016 ...
FAA orders emergency inspections of Sikorsky S-92 helicopters ...Westfair Online
Sikorsky, FAA call for S-92 inspectionsAir & Cosmos - International (press release) (registration)
Some S-92 aircraft parts used in North Sea returned to Sikorsky HQ ...Energy Voice
Australian Aviation -Skies Magazine (press release)
los 8 artículos informativos »

China's first cargo spacecraft to leave factory

Northrop Grumman, Lufthansa partner for Australian tanker support - UPI.com

http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2017/01/19/Northrop-Grumman-Lufthansa-partner-for-Australian-tanker-support/7751484836325/

UPI.com
Northrop Grumman, Lufthansa partner for Australian tanker support
UPI.com
19 (UPI) -- Northrop Grumman and Lufthansa Technik have signed a pact to cooperate on the Royal Australian Air Force's KC-30A tanker Through-Life Support program. Under the program, both defense contractors will provide the Australian armed forces ...
Your Defence News | Northrop Grumman partners with Lufthansa ...Your Defence News (press release)
Northrop Teams With Lufthansa Technik, Air France Industries to Maintain Australia's KC-30A Tanker FleetExecutiveBiz (blog)
Northrop signs Lufthansa Technik for KC-30A support - News ...Shephard Media


Le Sukhoi T-50 entame une nouvelle phase d'essais - Air & Cosmos

Safran To Acquire Zodiac Aerospace

LYON, France—Safran has entered into exclusive negotiations to acquire Zodiac Aerospace. The two companies aim to depend less on medium-haul aircraft applications, and hope to find synergies in electrical systems. With combined revenues of €21 billion ($22 billion), the merger would create the No. 3 player in the sector, after GE and UTC. Safran and Zodiac expect to close the merger in early 2018, subject to conditions including antitrust approvals. The merger will also bring ...

http://aviationweek.com/awincommercial/safran-acquire-zodiac-aerospace-0

Indonesia approves acquisition of five Airbus A400Ms for USD2 billion | IHS Jane's 360

DJI Mavic Pro drone user arrested after flying near Chinese plane - International Business Times UK

http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/watch-dji-drone-narrowly-miss-crash-chinese-passenger-jet-mid-air-scare-1601519


International Business Times UK

DJI Mavic Pro drone user arrested after flying near Chinese plane
International Business Times UK
The video clearly shows a Capital Airlines plane passing close to the drone, which could only have been captured at that height by a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and at the end of the video, a watermark comes up advertising the DJI Mavic Pro drone ...

AUDS counter-drone system first to achieve TRL-9 status - Aerotech News (blog)


Aerotech News (blog)

AUDS counter-drone system first to achieve TRL-9 status
Aerotech News (blog)
The AUDS counter-UAS defense system — field proven to detect, track and defeat malicious and errant unmanned aircraft systems or drones — is the first fully integrated system worldwide to achieve TRL-9 status. This follows the successful mission ...


http://www.aerotechnews.com/blog/2017/01/18/auds-counter-drone-system-first-to-achieve-trl-9-status/

UNIAN: Antonov-made aircraft to get EU certification | KyivPost - Kyiv Post

The aircraft market will double in 20 years

The regional market and scope clauses

Union contract Scope Clauses–the provision limiting the weight, capacity or number of aircraft operated by airlines for majopr carriers–are unlikely to be modified any time soon, panelists at the Air Finance Journal conference in Dublin said.

The restrictive Scope Clauses are predominate in the US. These limit the ability of small airplane manufacturers to sell aircraft in the US. Most affected are Embraer, Bombardier and newcomer Mitsubish…



https://leehamnews.com/2017/01/18/regional-market-scope-clauses/

Filling the Middle Of the Market gap

 Airbus and Boeing had completely different views about the product strategy for the "Middle of the Market" sector (MOM), both for today and the future.

Officials presented their views on how to fill the "Middle of the Market gap" at the Air Finance Journal conference in Dublin.



https://leehamnews.com/2017/01/18/filling-middle-market-gap/

A Chick in the Cockpit delves into the professional and personal

Erika Armstrong's book A Chick in the Cockpit lays out for the reader the difficulty of becoming a pilot, especially if you're a woman. It is, in effect, two books linked together by her life story and a strong feminist message. The first half describes …

https://runwaygirlnetwork.com/2017/01/18/a-chick-in-the-cockpit-delves-into-the-professional-and-personal/

Are Fluids and Lubricants Matching Engine Advances?

Subsonic X-plane Concepts Undergo NASA Mid-term Reviews


Design reviews pave way for X-plane definition as NASA targets smarter acquisition plans
NASA vows to become a "smart buyer" to offset budget threat to X-plane plans as it plans larger, piloted flight demonstrators.

read more


http://aviationweek.com/aircraft-design/subsonic-x-plane-concepts-undergo-nasa-mid-term-reviews

FAA, UAV aerial photography operator SkyPan settle civil penalty case - ATWOnline

http://atwonline.com/regulation/faa-uav-aerial-photography-operator-skypan-settle-civil-penalty-case

International Business Times
FAA, UAV aerial photography operator SkyPan settle civil penalty case
ATWOnline
The case stems from a series of alleged "65 unauthorized commercial [UAV] flights over various locations in New York City and Chicago between March 21, 2012 and Dec. 15, 2014 … [involving] aerial photography," according to FAA's original penalty ...
Drone Regulations: FAA Issues Largest Fine Ever To UAV Company ...International Business Times

los 20 artículos informativos 

Professor uses drones to track human impact on rainforest - Phys.Org

https://phys.org/news/2017-01-professor-drones-track-human-impact.html


Phys.Org

Professor uses drones to track human impact on rainforest
Phys.Org
After discussions, community leaders agreed to fly the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) once a month and send the data to Cummings. Next came the training. Cummings wanted to make sure the residents knew how to maintain and reassemble the drones in ...

Study Finds Biofuels Worse for Climate than Gasoline

http://www.climatecentral.org/news/study-biofuels-worse-for-climate-than-gasoline-20634

Embraer reaches targets with delivery of 108 commercial jets and 117 executive jets in 2016

Embraer (NYSE: ERJ; BM & FBOVESPA: EMBR3) delivered 32 commercial and 43 executive jets, 25 of which are light jets and 18 are large, during the fourth quarter of 2016 (4Q16). The Company ended the year with 108 aircraft delivered to the commercial aviation market and 117 to the executive aviation market, totaling 73 light and 44 large executive jets. These numbers are aligned with the estimates reported to the market throughout the year (105 to 110 commercial jets, 70 to 80 light executive jets and 35 to 45 large executive jets).

The total of 225 aircraft for these two markets represents the highest volume of deliveries in the last six years. As of December 31, the backlog totaled USD 19.6 billion.

Textron Aviation sees significant growth of its Cessna Pilot Center network



WICHITA, Kan. (Jan. 18, 2017) – Textron Aviation Inc., a Textron Inc. (NYSE:TXT) company, today announced its Cessna Pilot Center (CPC) network added 24 new partners in 2016, including five international flight schools in Argentina, Canada, Colombia, Germany and Poland. This growth supports the next generation of aviators with the help of the world’s leading training platform, the Cessna Skyhawk 172.

“The CPC network makes up the world’s largest and most experienced flight training team,” said Doug May, vice president, Piston Aircraft. “Our commitment to supporting new pilot education and flight training is evident in the enthusiasm we see from our partner flight schools. Throughout 2016 we saw significant growth to the network and we are excited to continue that momentum into the new year.”

The growth led to record CPC curriculum sales in 2016, demonstrating the company’s commitment and leadership in flight training support. The network now includes a total of 163 flight schools, and Textron Aviation plans on further growth and expansion.

About the CPC network
More pilots come to CPCs than any other network of flight schools to get their wings. The network continues to grow and find new opportunities to better support the flight training community. CPCs use the Cessna Flight Training System, a comprehensive, proven flight-training program that produces competent, prepared and confident new pilots. Flight schools interested in joining the network can visit www.newcpc.com to learn more.

Tecnam: DISCOVER THE P2002 SIERRA MkII (2ND GENERATION)



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rcg3lnmDQ9c

The Tecnam P2002 Sierra MkII retains all the features and flying qualities which have established the aircraft’s position in the marketplace, but now offers an improved cabin for greater comfort, top level avionics, new paint colours and interior options and a re-designed cowling for the 100HP Rotax engine.
  • Larger cabin, with new premium interior design.
  • Re-designed canopy with more headroom, and new locking mechanism that reduces noise level.
  • Seats with extra fore and aft adjustment.
  • Sleeker engine cowling
  • State of art avionics.
  • Several options for paint colours and interior fabrics

After 14 successful years since the original Sierra was launched, following a market survey, studying sales records and feedback from both clients & dealers, at the same time taking into account the flying characteristics which the customer has come to expect. The research considered three basic variables: the consumer’s “needs and taste”, the aircraft’s life cycle, and the current competition in the market place. “The market is always demanding greater comfort and more features,” says Paolo Pascale, Tecnam Managing Director, “so improving and updating our product is a must. At the same time innovation has always been part of Tecnam’s DNA and has been one of the major keys to our success.”

The result is the P2002 SIERRA MkII.

Development in Avionics has been rapid since the Sierra’s debut and the MkII offers state of art of technology in a jet-style cockpit. Customers can choose from an extensive range of options, starting with the basic analogue instruments needed for visual flight, a six pack analogue with Garmin GPS, the Dynon SkyView with twin 10 inch displays, the Garmin G3X which features twin 10.6 inch screens, and the G3X Night version with fully backlit backup instrumentation.

The largest choice of options is for Interior and Exterior Styling, with four choices for every Style package: Standard, Premium and Power. For the exterior, the range of paint schemes includes new metallic colours which can be matched to the seats, cabin sides and instrument panel covering. The customer is free to choose whatever suits their imagination and taste.

The P2002 SIERRA MkII will be available in the UltraLight ,US Light Sport Aircraft and Experimental categories. The first model will be delivered to TECNAM US in Sebring Florida, and displayed at Sebring U.S. Sport Aviation Expo in Florida, between January 25th-28th 2017.

Flynas orders 60 Airbus A320neo Family aircraft


Converts further 20 CEOs to NEOs
16 JANUARY 2017 PRESS RELEASE


Flynas, Saudi Arabia’s leading low-cost carrier, has signed an agreement with Airbus for 60 A320neo Family aircraft.

In addition to the 60 aircraft, Flynas has converted 20 A320ceo from a previous order to A320neo bringing the airline’s total firm order to 80 A320neo. The deliveries are scheduled to take place during 2018-2026.

The agreement was announced today in Riyadh at a press conference attended by Ayed Al Jeaid, Chairman, NAS Holding, Bander Al Mohanna, Chief Executive Officer, NAS Holding Group and Fouad Attar, Managing Director, Airbus Middle East.

Flynas, an all Airbus operator, currently has 26 A320ceo in service. Launched in 2007, the airline has successfully operated over 260,000 flights and carried more than 30 million passengers in the last ten years.

Ayed Al Jeaid, Chairman, NAS Holding Group said, “Flynas has come a long way to establish itself as a highly reputed airline in Saudi Arabia. With the introduction of the new aircraft technology, we are confident of our ability to provide best services to our customers. We also look forward to being the first airline in the Kingdom to be successfully listed on the Saudi Stock exchange, which will offer equity ownership to the public and be a part of a great journey.”

Bander Al Mohanna, Chief Executive Officer, NAS Holding Group said, “We have operated exceptionally well with our existing Airbus A320 fleet, which has allowed us to maintain high performance standards in operations and passenger experience. We have an ambitious growth vision and the new A320neo order will further support our plans to be a leading low-cost carrier with the most advanced and efficient technology and will allow us to strengthen our offerings within and outside of Saudi Arabia.”

In 2016, Flynas set a new record by carrying 6.3 million passengers contributing to a 14% year-on-year increase. The A320neo will provide Flynas unbeatable efficiency and comfort in both high-density domestic segments as well as thinner routes.

“The additional A320neo aircraft will continue to support Flynas’ growth plans as a leading low-cost carrier in Saudi Arabia’s fast-growing aviation sector,” said John Leahy, Chief Operating Officer - Customers, Airbus. Today’s agreement further consolidates the aircraft’s popularity that has been endorsed by operators worldwide. The aircraft will offer a unique combination of unbeatable economics, fuel and cost efficiency and outstanding passenger comfort.”

The A320neo Family is the world’s best-selling single aisle aircraft with more than 5,000 orders from 90 customers since its launch in 2010. It incorporates latest technologies including new generation engines and Sharklet wing tip devices, which together deliver more than 15 percent in fuel savings from day one and 20 percent by 2020 with further cabin innovations. The A320neo also offers significant environmental performance with nearly 50 percent reduction in noise footprint compared to previous generation aircraft.

Atomic clocks failures onboard Galileo satellites: nine clocks out of 72 have stopped operating



Across the 18 satellites now in orbit, nine clocks out of 72 have stopped operating. Three are traditional rubidium devices; six are the more precise hydrogen maser instruments that were designed to give Galileo superior performance to the American GPS network.

Galileo was declared up and running in December. However, it is still short of the number of satellites considered to represent a fully functioning constellation, and a decision must now be made about whether to suspend the launch of further spacecraft while the issue is investigated.
  • First four satellites launched were called In Orbit Validation (IOV) platforms
  • The next 14 were referred to as Full Operational Constellation (FOC) satellites
  • Three of the rubidium clock failures have occurred on Galileo’s FOC satellites
  • Five of the hydrogen maser failures have occurred on the IOV spacecraft
  • One maser has stopped on an FOC satellite, giving nine failures in total
  • Three of the four IOVs are affected; two of the 14 FOC satellites are affected
  • Every satellite has two hydrogen maser clocks and two rubidium clocks
  • That means a total of 72 atomic clocks are currently in orbit
  • All Galileo satellites presently have at least two working clocks

Prof Jan Woerner, the director general of the European Space Agency (ESA), told a meeting with reporters: “Everybody is raising this question: should we postpone the next launch until we find the root cause, or should we launch? You can give both answers at the same time. You can say we wait until we find the solution but that means if more clocks fail we will reduce the capability of Galileo. But if we launch we will at least maintain if not increase the [capability], but we may then take the risk that a systematic problem is not considered. We are right now in this discussion about what to do.”

Still operationalEach Galileo satellite carries two rubidium and two hydrogen maser clocks. The multiple installation enables a satellite to keep working after an initial failure. All 18 spacecraft currently in space continue to operate, but one of them is now down to just two clocks.
Most of the maser failures (5) have occurred on the satellites that were originally sent into orbit to validate the system, whereas all three rubidium stoppages are on the spacecraft that were subsequently launched to fill out the network.

ESA staff at its technical centre, ESTEC, in the Netherlands are trying to isolate the cause the of failures – with the assistance of the clock (Spectratime of Switzerland) and satellite manufacturers (Airbus and Thales Alenia Space; OHB and SSTL). It is understood engineers have managed to restart another hydrogen clock that had stopped.

ESA is also in contact with the Indian space agency which is using the same clocks in its sat-nav system. So far, the Indians have not experienced the same failures.

Mitigating actionsA statement issued by the agency late on Wednesday gave additional details. It appears the rubidium failures “all seem to have a consistent signature, linked to probable short circuits, and possibly a particular test procedure performed on the ground”.

The maser clock failures are said to be better understood, with two likely causes, the second of which has caused most grief. The ESA statement said this second scenario was “related to the fact that when some healthy [hydrogen maser] clocks are turned off for long periods, they do not restart due to a change in clock characteristics”.

Actions are being taken to try to prevent further problems. These involve changing the way clocks are operated in orbit. Clocks about to fly are also likely to be refurbished, and future devices yet to be made will have design changes, the agency says. ESA is hopeful it can still launch the next four satellites in the constellation before the end of the year.

Precise timing is at the core of all satellite-navigation systems. Atomic clocks generate the time code that is continuously transmitted to users on the ground to help them fix a position.

The passive hydrogen maser clocks in Galileo are determined to be accurate to one billionth of a second per day, or one second in three million years. This performance ought to contribute to giving users fixes that have errors of a metre or less – significantly better than the standard open service from GPS.

A fully operational Galileo system is regarded as a constellation of 24, split across three orbital planes in the sky. But spares are required also, and with one very early satellite in the constellation already considered very close to complete failure – for different reasons – there needs to be near-continuous production of spacecraft.